Automotive Supply Chain and Logistics Management †MyAssignmenthelp

Question: Discuss about the Automotive Supply Chain and Logistics Management. Answer: Introduction Operational management is defined as the art and science of producing the goods and services and deliver these goods and services to the customers. The operations management areas involve the different operations such as quality management, supply chain management, production processes and customer services. There are many challenges that are faced by the organizations and various success factors in the businesses. This report carried out to analyze the automobile industry by taking the company Toyota for the research. This report covers the impact of the operational management or decisions on the performance of the Toyota company. There are many factors that are explained such as change in technology, managerial methods and the operational research on the basis of the automobile industry. This research also describes the impact of the operations on the customer satisfaction and efficiency of the company. The main purpose of the report is the deep analysis of the challenges faced by the Toyota company and their critical success factors for the Toyota with respective to the future. There are two parts in this report. First part demonstrates the challenges faced by the companies like changing technologies, globalization, change in the expectations of the company, change in the job designs, global manufacturing and quality management. The second part of the report covers the different areas of the operational management for the better understanding of the success of the automobile industry(Braese, 2003). The different key challenges from the different factors are going to be explained in order to understand their effect on the success of the business in future. The challenges of the Toyota company are : In the modern world, the technologies are changing very rapidly and this change in the technology is the opportunity as well as a threat to the automobile industry. The Toyota company has gained the good position in the competitive world by offering innovative car designs also competing with the various other companies like Honda, Maruti Sazuki, Volkeswagon, Nissan, Audi and Scoda. The Toyota companies used the latest technologies in order to compete in the automobile industry. Toyota is the UK based automobile company dealing with the manufacturing of automobiles. The company is focused on continuous improvement through these latest technologies for the long term. The Toyota company became the worlds largest top ten manufacturers of the cars and other vehicles. The Toyota is focusing on the latest technologies in order to gain the market share. There are many companies who are investing a large amount of the money on the research and development of the latest technologies in order t o bring that technology in the company for the future success. If the Toyota company will not adopt the latest technology while manufacturing and designing the cars, then the company will face the huge losses(IBM, 2007). Continued Globalization of Markets The businessmen are trying to find different ways to create a unique selling proposition over other competitors to make the consumers prefer their services over other competitors in the market. This change has been seen in all the top organizations and if we have a look at the stats, the economy has been improved a lot due to growth of global markets. So, to stay in the market, every day a new strategy is established by the financier to retain its position in the market. Globalization provides a great opportunity to the companies for the expansion of the business in the international markets(Leskova, 2012). The reason of the entering into the global markets is to reduce the cost resource sharing and by grasping the more business opportunities in the future. Toyota expanded its business in various countries and investing money to enter into those markets who have the high market potential growth.The company already invested its money in the Southern US, Ontario, Ottawa and Indian global markets just to gain the maximum profits. The challenge connected with the globalization is that the competition for the Toyota company become high because of the market are dominated by the other competitors too that affects the profitability of the firm. The changing customer expectations are also a challenging factor. Customers expectations are always high because the Toyota already set a benchmark for the quality products. The customer of Toyota expects fro the company more quality of the automobiles with more features, design , new technology and the reasonable prices. The Automobile industry tends to increase share in the market, revenue growth, more customers and less number of complaints. The customers are very peculiar about choosing the vehicle for the own satisfaction. The companies adopt various strategies to meet the expectations and demands of the customers. The most difficult part of the automobile industry is to understand the market needs of the customers as the Toyota company is not focusing only on one customer, they are targeting the millions of customers. However, the company needs to build strategies to meet the customer standards by introducing new car designs and quality productivity(Lekova Kov?ova, 2012). Changing Job Designs The change in the job designs has the direct relation with the improvement of the employee performance. The flexible working hours leads to improve the productivity of the employees. It is very important to retain the employees in the automobile industries by designing the job working hours in the organization. Job design could be obtained through job rotation, simplification, enlargement, enrichment and flexible working hours. It is very important to meet the employee expectations and needs too for the quality work and the strategies should be implemented by the Toyota company in order to make their employees satisfied. Toyota is the automobile company that is famous for its high quality of vehicles across all over the world. The quality control is the main aim of the company because it is directly related to the customer satisfaction. The customer satisfaction in end is the main focus of the every company and this will result in the building of the brand image and company earns maximum profits because of its quality. The Toyota company is not producing the same products as there are many models of the cars that introduced by the Toyota company such as Innova, Fortuner, Etios etc. Toyota always follow the Kaizen, which stands for the continuous improvement by understanding the needs and expectations of the customers for the future period of time. The company mainly focuses on those strategies that aims at increasing the quality of the vehicles, efficiency of the company and reducing the cost of the manufacturing. The strength of the company is its brand name as the every person in this world is fami liar with the Toyota and its products. It is very significant to maintain the highest quality of the products and launch them in the market by keeping in mind about the needs of the customers at the affordable prices. However, the Toyota Company focuses on the quality theories and initiated manufacturing keeping in mind all the factors of quality control. Total quality management is the collective effort made by the top management and the employees who are responsible for formulating the strategies to manufacture the highest quality automobiles, which meet the level of customer satisfaction(OSAT, 2012). Toyota has its manufacturing plants in various countries like US,Canada, India and China. It has been analyzed the 50% of the cars are manufactured in the United states and 50% in the Ontario, Canada. The company set up offices in the different areas in the UK airport free zone, in order of which sales have been increased in double profits in the last few years. It is the only general decision to open a regional office in the UK, which is experiencing instant economic growth along with the London. The Canadian plants producing the millions of cars and introduce them into the global markets. The Toyota company established its manufacturing plant in the Melbourne too and other various places. The global manufacturing helps in improving the supply chain of the organization. Global manufacturing challenges for the Toyota company are innovation, education and training, manufacturing excellence, information technology, and clean manufacturing. The manufacturing plants at the different plac es needs more resources, capital that adds cost to the automobile company. The management of the huge number of the manufacturing plants becomes difficult for the organizations. Operations Management Areas of the Toyata This is the second part of the report that focusing on the operational areas of the business that influence the success of the organization. The different areas of the Toyota company are supply chain, inventory management and work design that contribute to the success of the business. The Supply chain is the system that focuses on the process of the movement of the raw materials to the production houses and then deliver the final products to the customers. There are many people involved in the supply chain, including, suppliers, distributors, manufacturers, and retailers make that product available for the consumers. All these people come together with a purpose to convert the raw material into the final products and delivery of these products to the customers. The below given figure shows the supply chain process of the Toyota. The supply chain of Toyota involves the collection of the parts of the automobiles from the different suppliers and the consolidate those parts to deliver them to the different vendors(Cassivi, et al., 2000). This is the most challenging task to manage the supply chain in the organizations and these main activities involved in the transformation of the goods from the raw materials to the final products consumed by the customers. The process of the creation of the products and customers consumption of these products. Looking into the previous years and the last 3 years industry reports, it has been observed that the globalization has a great impact on the supply chains. There are no such restrictions on the trade of the products and services in certain areas. Talking about the automobile industry,then the Toyota company in todays world makes use of the latest technologies inthe supply chains. In the past years, the activities like planning, manufacturing and retailing etc. are done by the industries itself. But now the industries are using the different kind of softwaresto manage the supply chain(Dinesh, 2015). Toyota company has more than the 3000 suppliers in the different countries in t he world and the supply chain model of Toyota company is greatly influenced by the fairness and win win situation. The Toyota company has the clear and transparent policies of the supply chain management. There are many risks involved in the supply chain management andthe industries build many strategies to integrate all the activities and this is the best way tomanage the supply chain. The automobile industry is chosen for the analysis and to understand thedifferent challenges faced by the industry. The automobile industry is the sector which is growingrapidly and every country is contributing to this automobile industry. The automobile industry has many companies like Honda, Maruti Sazuki, Nissan, Ford, Volkswagon and Audi, etc.The role played by the supply chain management is very significant for the success of the automobile industry(Deloitte, 2013). In the developing economies, there are many other environmental factors that affect the sustainable business like transportation of the stocks from one place to another and these factors are like pollution, poverty, and natural resource depletion. As the automobile companies are highly linked with the transportation sector. The population of the countries is increasing very fast and it will obviously create more pollution from the automobiles and also the increase in the usage ofvehicles bring the road networks jams because of traffic. These traffic jams and pollution affectthe business by the creating negativity in the customer mind and delay in the stock delivery. Moving further, the other environmental factorslike weather during the season of Monsoon that creates problems for the automotive industry todeliver the goods in a safe manner and on time. As the automobile industry is very famous and withthe increase in the population, more and more clients availed these services and pro ducts offered by the different companies like Honda, Volkswagon, Audi, Nissan and Maruti sazuki. The Automobile industry is facing challengesnow in building the strategies to deal with the increasing clientele, environmental factors,diseases and expectations of the customers(Suthikarnnarunai, 2008). Inventory management The models of the inventory management are very helpful to find out the quantity ofthe stock that is transported to the retail stores at least two times a week. As the stock of the cars, bikes and other automobiles in the automobile industry is very limited and it is verysignificant to identify that each retail store of the automobile is getting the stock as per their needs.The workers and the staff members, who are responsible for the management of the stock andtheir quantity of their automobile industries outlets. The inventory management is important as the inventories are the assets of the company and used by the firm. Inventories are acting as the resource for the company as well as cost to the company. However, it is very important to have the economic orders of the quantity level. The process of inventory management includes planning, coordinating and controlling, storing, handling , distribution and sale of the materials , tools and parts by keeping in mind all the needs of the customers. Inventory involve the raw material, or we can say the essential parts of the machinery, work in progress activities and the finishing by storing those inventories or goods for the future case. The inventory is always stored in order to meet any future uncertainties and to meet the demand of the customers in the case of the emergency. Managing the inventory is playing the important role as in reducing the costs, improving the supply, and maintenance of the production houses. The main purpose of the inven tory management is to increase the level of production by maintaining the sufficient level of the stock in order to increase the profitability of the company. The main role played by the inventory management is to control the costs, to manage the demand and supply chain and reduce the losses of insurance or any damage. There are many areas on which the Toyota company is spending a lot of money to hold the huge stock for future, and control the ordering cost and storage costs(Gnther Meyr, 2012). Critical Success factor The inventory management of the Toyota company is the critical success factor for the automobile business. There are many questions comes in mind while storing the stock or inventory for the future like what type of parts of the Toyota cars or vehicles should be stored and what would be the turnover ratio of the Toyota company. It has been analyzed that there are many companies who saves the 50% of the production costs. The different success factors of the Toyota will be to maintain the inventory that is required on the daily basis for the business transactions. Moreover, it is important to understand the concepts of the cost factors in order to avoid the excessive inventory. Tracking of the inventory is also the success factors as the company will get to know about the latest an outdated technology and to bring a change in the technology to gain the competitive advantage. However, it is very important to have the economic orders of the quantity level. The inbound and the outbound logistics need to be improved to resolve the issues faced by the Automobile industries. The inbound logistics means to establish the strong relationship with the suppliers and to make proper use of the resources as well as raw materials to avoid the waste and to manage the supply chain in the Automobile industry. The outbound logistics is the term used forthe delivery of the products like for the consumption of the consumers. All the products like Cars, two wheelers, and other vehicles and equipments need to be stored and distribute in the people by usingdifferent sales strategies. The procurement in the supply chain is very important to avoid themain issues and it refers to the communication take place between the supplier, retailers,wholesalers and the distributors via phone call or emails. This communication is very significantfor the timely delivery of the ready products to the customers. Another important factor in thesupply chain management is the u se of the latest technology. There are many technologies usedby the automobiles companies like, airbags, painting and denting of the cars, automatic cars, sound systems and Cloudcomputing for the tracking of goods throughout its business lifecycle(Golinska, 2006). The layout of the work and the facility is the arrangement of the resources used by the companies that consume the space in relation to the physical facilities. It is very important to design the working schedules and the facilities while adding some new things in the automobile industry. For example, the change in the production line, adding of new workers and change in the delivery services, etc, all these demands the change in the design and facilities. The layout of the facilities includes the following elements: Product layout Process layout Cellular layout Position layout. The Toyota company first need to establish the objectives and goals of the services and then develop the operational strategies to meet those goals for the companys better future. Talking about the design of the work, then it is very essential that assigning the duties and responsibilities to the workers leads to achieve the company objectives. The job enlargement and job rotation are the main elements of the job design. The change in the job designs has the direct relation with the improvement of the employee performance. The flexible working hours leads to improve the productivity of the employees. It is very important to retain the employees in the automobile industries by designing the job working hours in the organization. Job design could be obtained through job rotation, simplification, enlargement, enrichment and flexible working hours. It is very important to meet the employee expectations and needs too for the quality work and the strategies should be implemented by the Toyota company in order to make their employees satisfied(Schmitz, 2012). The Toyota company is focusing on its services provided to the customers as the customer satisfaction is the most important factor of the success of the company and building the brand image of the same. The car manufacturers have the responsibilities to provide the best customers facilities and to assign the task according to the skills and abilities of the employees. Following is the figure, that depicts the flow of the information as well as he vehicle which has the main motive to provide the best facilities to the customers for the purpose of increasing the sales and profits. The Toyota company also established its various sevices centers to provide the maintenance and the repair of the automobiles. The company is also focusing on the after sales facilities to build the brand image and to satisfy their customers(Taylor, 2008). Conclusion In this report, all the operation management factors are discussed with respect to the automobile industry and by taking an example of the Toyota company. The main findings of the report outline the customer, satisfaction, production efficiency and productivity of the employees and how to gain the competitive advantages. The main purpose of the report is the deep analysis of the challenges faced by the Toyota company and their critical success factors for the Toyota with respective to the future. There are many challenges that are faced by the organizations and various success factors in the businesses. This report carried out to analyze the automobile industry by taking the company Toyota for the research. This report covers the impact of the operational management or decisions on the performance of the Toyota company. There are many factors that are explained such as change in technology, managerial methods and the operational research on the basis of the automobile industry. In th e past years, the activities like planning, manufacturing and retailing etc. are done by the industries itself. But now the industries are using the different kind of softwares to manage its all operations. Toyota company has more than the 3000 suppliers in the different countries in the world and the operational model of Toyota company is greatly influenced by the fairness and win win situation. The Toyota company has the clear and transparent policies of the operational management. However, it is concluded that the supply chain management, inventory management and the work and facility management are the main operations that results in the success of the company for the future period of time. References Braese, N., 2003. The Dynamics of Supply Chains in the Automotive Industry, Available at: https://dspace.mit.edu/bitstream/handle/1721.1/33312/62311802-MIT.pdf?sequence=2 Cassivi, L., Lefebvre, L. Hen, G., 2000. Supply Chain Integration in the Automobile Industry: The Case of ANX, Available at: https://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/download?doi=10.1.1.86.5808rep=rep1type=pdf Deloitte, 2013. Fast Tracking the Indian Automotive Logistics: CII, Available at: https://www2.deloitte.com/content/dam/Deloitte/in/Documents/manufacturing/auto-scm-report.pdf Dinesh, R., 2015. Building world class automotive supply chains, Available at: https://www.atkearney.in/documents/10192/2659569/Building+World-Class+Automotive+Supply+Chains+in+India.pdf/3b40aab5-765c-403e-bc51-bf16e7357cc7 Golinska, P., 2006. Monitoring the operations management performance in automotive industry, Available at: https://www.wacong.org/wac2006/allpapers/isoma/isoma_228.pdf Gnther, H. Meyr, H., 2012. Production and operations management in the automotive industry (part 2), Available at: https://paperity.org/p/11161344/production-and-operations-management-in-the-automotive-industry-part-2 IBM, 2007. The smarter supply chain of the future: global chief supply chain officer study, Available at: https://www-07.ibm.com/sg/manufacturing/pdf/manufacturing/Auto-industry.pdf Leskova, A., 2012. Logistics concept of supply chain in automotive production, Available at: https://web2.vslg.cz/fotogalerie/acta_logistica/2012/3-cislo/4_leskova.pdf Lekova, A. Kov?ova, L., 2012. Automotive Supply Chain outline, Available at: https://pernerscontacts.upce.cz/26_2012/Leskova.pdf OSAT, 2012. Supply chain management: New competitive realities in the automotive value chain, Available at: https://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/handle/2027.42/1552/98142.0001.001.pdf?sequence=2 Schmitz, A., 2012. Operations Management in Manufacturing and Service Industries, Available at: https://2012books.lardbucket.org/pdfs/an-introduction-to-business-v1.0/s15-operations-management-in-manuf.pdf Suthikarnnarunai, N., 2008. Automotive Supply Chain and Logistics Management. Proceedings of the International MultiConference of Engineers and Computer Scientists, Volume 2, pp. 1-7. Taylor, M., 2008. Operations management research in the automotive sector: Some contemporary issues and future directions. International Journal of Operations Production Management, 28(6), pp. 480-489.

Symbiotic Period Montessori Essay Example

Symbiotic Period Montessori Paper Symbiotic Period: The First 8 weeks of Life â€Å"The first weeks after birth have a special significance for the child’s development and are referred to as â€Å"symbiotic life†. The word symbiosis means â€Å"a life together† and it describes the special situation of two living beings who need each other because each of them gives and receives something absolutely necessary for the continuation and the quality of each of their lives. † – Understanding the Human Being ch. 3 The symbiotic period is a period of time which starts in conception and ends eight weeks after the childs birth. This paper will point out the importance of the prenatal life, and the care that the mother should have since she becomes aware of that pregnancy. She has to know that a lot has been going on by that developing human being, from the moment that egg was fertilized. It will also explain how the nervous system develops and starts creating memory from experiences from inside and outside womb environment. How the unicellular creature reaches the complexity of becoming a human being. It will also explain the different phases of evolution the human brain goes through, and how each of them contains special characteristics of the developing human personalities, and the interesting relationship between the child and the mother during pregnancy. This paper will also point out the phase of birth, and the separation and attachment that both the mother and the child face. How the mother becomes a point of reference from the old environment, (the womb) and how she will be able to help the child adapt to its new environment, the world, which will be the childs home for the rest of his life. We will write a custom essay sample on Symbiotic Period Montessori specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Symbiotic Period Montessori specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Symbiotic Period Montessori specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer It will also explain the term used for external pregnancy, â€Å"exterogestation† which is considered to be during the nine months after birth. And finally, the symbiotic life, the relationship between the mother and the child in their separated environment, who each of them help each other, the importance of maternal food, (breast milk) and how this â€Å"natural act† will lead the way for establishing a long life relationship with the mother and the environment the child is introduced in. how the newborn experiences two births, a biological and a psychological one. And the importance of the fathers presence in the life of the child. â€Å"Conception and pregnancy constitute the first chapter of our personal history, a chapter that lasts around 280 days, in an environment totally different to that which we experience after birth. † (UHB. Pg. 2) Ever since the mother becomes aware of her pregnancy, a lot has been going on inside of her body, the developing fertilized egg has been traveling through the fallopian tube and into the uterus for about four days. (Dr. Salguero) Waiting to be implanted into the uterine walls, where the relationship with the mother will start, the egg will look for a special place inside the uterus and will let the mothers body know that its ready and will allow the placenta to start developing. This first phase of pregnancy is known as â€Å"zygotic period†. It will take eight to ten weeks for the zygote to become an embryo, and enter the â€Å"embryonic period†. And is until this period when all of the mental development starts. The child starts having â€Å"mental activity† which is described by Silvana Q. Montanaro as â€Å"any capacity to receive information, give answers, accumulate experiences and respond appropriately to them. † (UHB. pg3) And it is through this mental activity (information received) that the nervous system is developed. The nervous system is so important that develops fastest during pregnancy, which is why in ultrasounds the head is always as big or bigger as the rest of the body. Silvana explains the â€Å"Triune Brain Theory† by Paul Mclean, which demonstrate that all humans recapitulate the whole process of evolution in the brain. Humans first start with a reptilian brain, which provide the instinct of self preservation, a sense of individuality, the defense of territory and the need for privacy. The second phase of development of the human brain is known as the paleomammalian (limbic system), which relates to social consciousness, relationships, a sense of belonging, care for offspring, and compassion for companions. The third phase of development of the human brain is known as the neomammalian, which adds a refined sensory discrimination, attention to the external environment, rational thinking, and the ability to solve life’s problems in a creative way. UHB pg. 4-5) The mother’s womb is full of sensorial sensations and experiences that will allow the child to develop its senses. The childs brain develops rapidly, developing his sensory organs in this order: touch, smell, taste, hearing and sight. All of the senses are already being used during pregnancy. †¢The skin (touch), is completed a fter seven to eight weeks of pregnancy. Touching the mothers belly with a light pressure, will allow the child to feel that it is being awaited, and will allow the child to store positive feelings of acceptance and love. The sense of smell, is ready to function during the second month of pregnancy. It is substances from the mother, that get into the amniotic fluid which will establish In the childs olfactory memory. †¢The sense of taste, is ready to function by the third month of pregnancy, as well as the sense of smell, substances get into the amniotic fluid, and as the child swallows amounts of this fluid, will lead to recognize these difference in taste. Silvana mentions an example of Indian babies that can recognize the smell of curry when they are in the weaning process. These sensorial experiences are stored in their memories, and will help them accept some foods from their environment because they already know them. †¢The ear (hearing), it is completely developed in the fifth month of pregnancy. This sense is stimulated by internal and external experiences from the environment. â€Å"research done in Japan has shown that newborns whose mothers lived near Osaka airport during pregnancy were able, after birth, to sleep through the roar of airplanes while other newborns resented such disturbing sounds. (UHB pg. 8) †¢The eye (vision), is ready by the fourth month of pregnancy. The child can know the difference between night and day. In order to have a normal birth, both the mother and the child need to prepare for birth. The mother needs to acquire knowledge regarding what to expect, information about the baby and its special care and attention. Both need to prepare themselves with time, so that at the end of pregnancy the mother just has to sit unstressfully for the baby to arrive. The child start preparing his departure from the mother’s womb by the end of the seventh month. The child starts protecting his body from external viruses and microbes by accumulating antibodies from the mother. Also he starts absorbing extra iron, because he knows that the mother’s milk lacks iron needed for the production of red blood cells. The child rotates his body, locating his head towards the birth canal. And the baby starts accumulating fat under his skin, preparing his body for life in the external environment. (Dr. Salguero) The child inside the mother’s womb has established points of references, memories of experiences during pregnancy. Some of these memories are maternal such as the mothers heart beat and her voice. Other memories are fetal, which include touch of mouth and face, movements of the limbs and body. These memories allow the child to establish different centers on the brain that will allow him to orient and adapt to his new environment when he is born. Help him be aware that the only thing that has change is the environment. At the time of the birth, the mother and child need to stay together, after nine months together the fact of being out of the mother’s womb, does not mean that the child is ready for an independent life. The child needs a guide to adapt and establish his independence, this guidance is performed by the mother, and it is done in a period of nine months, and it is known as external pregnancy or â€Å"exterogestation†. In this external pregnancy, the womb environment related and often compared with the mother’s arms as a container that holds the baby and the mother’s breast as placenta and umbilical cord, that provide nutrients and food. The mother will guide the child to its development providing him with opportunities, an environment rich in stimuli, in order for the child to develop his intelligence through the use of his senses and constructing itself. The mother needs to be aware of the newborns needs, and be able to respect his necessities. The most important basic need of the child is to have direct contact with the mother. With this the child will be able to rediscover the points of reference of prenatal life, and to know that he is accepted and awaited. Also the childs â€Å"biological rhythms† need to be respected, the child needs to eat when hungry and sleep when sleepy. Another very important need of the child is order, order in which things are done, and consistency in the people surrounding him, since the child need to establish points of references for his new life and be able to pass from one environment to another without any trauma. Different care areas must be established before the introduction of this child to this environment so, at the time he is introduced to this environment, he knows what areas are for what and know what to expect. The child also needs unlimited space for unobstructed vision and movement, and to be allowed to explore his new environment with all his senses. This is possible with a low bed instead of a crib and a movement mat for his times when he is not sleeping. The symbiotic life lasts six to eight weeks, a relationship is established and both the mother and the child help each other to adapt. The mother provides the child with her special food (breast milk) and with her presence will allow the child to establish points of reference in order for him to adapt to his new environment (home). The child offers the mother reassurance that what left her body is not lost, just relocated, and by the child suckling the mother’s breast, helps the mother contract the uterus and shrink back to its normal size and position. (Dr. Salguero) The symbiotic life offers ways of being in contact with the child, in order to establish a special unique relationship between them. The newborn needs to feel the mother’s arms and the mother needs the newborn in her arms to compensate the sudden loss of what was in her abdomen. A close relationship with the mother will give an important feeling of security to both the mother and the child. How the mother holds the baby tells the child about her acceptance and her feelings towards him. How the mother feeds the baby implies a special relationship which is seen as they are back to be a single person. The connection between the mother and the child is so strong that the mother will only produce milk until the placenta is out (signifying that the baby has been born). It is very important for the mother to breast feed the child, as soon as the baby is born, since the first milk production is special and very nutritious kind of milk called colostrum, which is specially designed for the beginning of life. There are no fats in colostrums, just proteins and a low amount of carbohydrates, which will establish the functions of the digestive system of the baby. The mother also provides the child with antibodies through her breast milk, which will protect the child from the external environment. Natural attachment of the child to the nipple is very important, to ensure the freedom of choosing when to eat. â€Å"This is the fundamental characteristic of the relationship with food. It should always be offered with love and placed in front of, but never inside, a person. (UHB pg. 35) As well as the need of the mother’s collaboration, the father has to be present since the prenatal life; he needs to be present during pregnancy, supporting the mother, and learning from the mother’s experiences and acquiring information about pregnancy and the baby. They both need to be prepared. Both parents must attend to birth classes so that the father can assist the mother once she is in labor . Researchers have concluded that the father’s presence during birth, have a positive influence towards the mother. Pain is felt less intensely, and they are satisfied with this shared experience. (UHM pg. 53) Also, once the child and the mother are together, the father has to become a protective barrier of the symbiotic life. A prepared father knows the importance of the relationship the mother and the baby need. â€Å"Active presence of the father from the beginning can facilitate the childs natural evolution towards independence, since this can prevent too strong an attachment to the mother which can arise when she is the only source of human contact and pleasure. † (UHB pg. 6) This is why the father has to establish a relationship with the child, establish certain activities that will be done by and with the father. Such activities could be bathing, changing, playing, and later on eating. In conclusion, the symbiotic period is a period of time designated to allow the child have a positive transition from the environment where he was created to the environment where he will be spending t he rest of his life. â€Å"At the end of the symbiotic period, the child has acquired (absorbed) fundamental knowledge of the new environment that will always influence his vision of the world. If the vision is positive, the child will have a â€Å"basic trust† in the world and will think of it as a place where his needs can be fulfilled. † (UHB pg. 29) This period of time has to be given the all of the importance it deserves, because the childs future would be at risk. REFERENCES: †¢Silvana Quattrocchi Montanaro Understanding the Human Being: The importance of the First Three Years of Life, 6th edition (2007) †¢Dr. Mario Salguero Obstetrics Class Notes. (2010)

Legal Writing Essay - Sample Legal Writes Essay

Legal Writing Essay - Sample Legal Writes EssayA sample legal writing essay is written sample that will help you get through the plagiarism detectors when trying to find your way through a difficult essay topic. The best thing about this sample is that it will be all you need to get through your final copy. You will be able to include just about anything in there and be able to use the research you have done to prepare for your essay. As long as you choose the samples carefully, you will be able to get through most any question you will be facing with regards to your topic.There are many reasons why you would want to get a sample of legal writing sample. If you are a new student or a new writer, you will find that getting samples will prove very helpful. It will be a great way to see what you are doing wrong and where you should begin getting your sentences right. You will be able to see what a sample says that you need to change and use for your essay.A legal writing sample can also be a great way to see what all the writing will look like once you have it down. You will be able to see all the work that you will need to do on the parts of the essay that are important and not so important. This will give you an idea of what you will be required to do and how long it will take you to get it done. As you know, there are many different parts of a legal writing assignment that needs to be done.Some people don't believe in having sample legal writing essay. However, if you look at what they have to say, they will realize that it is often more of a learning experience than anything else. If you go through the entire assignment without reading the sample, you will be taking a huge risk. You may lose points that you did not get as a result of this mistake.In addition to this, the sample legal writing sample will allow you to practice what you have learned on your work. You will be able to test your knowledge and see how well you have done on your essay. This is also a great way to use something that has been around a while and use it for your own benefit.One thing that you will learn to do with these types of essays is to make sure that you come up with something that fits into the original legal essay. As you already know, there are many factors that go into these types of essays. As long as you follow the guidelines, you will be able to come up with a good essay that will meet the requirements.When you are looking for a sample of legal writing an essay, you will find that there are many options that you can choose from. The most common is to get a sample outline. This will allow you to see how much information you will need to fill in each page. This will allow you to see what you will be required to do.As you can see, the first rule of thumb when looking for a sample of legal writing essay is to pick something that is easy to follow. It should be short and simple to follow and it should be something that will help you get through the essay eas ier. You can always find the reference materials that you need as well as the sample writing.

Value and Valor

Value and Valor Value and Valor Value and Valor By Mark Nichol Words pertaining to worth and worthiness that are based on the syllable val or a similar letter combination are related. This post lists and defines the words in this group. The Latin verb valere, meaning â€Å"be strong† or â€Å"be well,† was extended in meaning to refer to worth, in both practical and aesthetic terms. Valor, which originally meant â€Å"courage,† â€Å"merit,† or â€Å"virtue† but now generally retains only the first sense, is derived from the Latin word. Valiance, a synonym for valor, is rare, but the adjectival form, valiant, meaning â€Å"brave,† is more common. Valid, meanwhile, originated in legal contexts to refer to what is legally binding, but by extension, it came to mean â€Å"supported by authority or facts.† (The noun form is validity.) Value, meaning â€Å"price† or â€Å"degree of esteem or usefulness,† is also a verb, and another noun form, valuation, pertains to the act or process of appraising financial worth, as well as judgment of character or worth or measure of market value. Evaluation, however, refers more broadly to measure of something’s financial value or of condition or significance; more recently, it has also come to pertain to a review of job performance. Less obviously related words include the verb avail, meaning â€Å"benefit† or â€Å"help,† or â€Å"gain† or â€Å"serve.† It also functions as a noun in such expressions as â€Å"to little avail† or â€Å"to no avail,† meaning â€Å"help† or use†; the adjectival form, available, means â€Å"accessible,† â€Å"present,† or â€Å"ready,† or â€Å"qualified† or â€Å"willing.† (The noun form is availability.) Others include prevail, meaning â€Å"be successful,† and its adjectival form, prevalent, which means â€Å"common† or â€Å"dominant.† Countervail, meanwhile, means â€Å"compensate† or â€Å"counteract.† Valence, a term for the amount of power of an atom or a unit of such strength, or for capacity to perform or degree of attractiveness, is generally confined to medical and scientific contexts, but it is the basis of ambivalence and equivalence, both of which have adjectival forms in which a t replaces the last two letters. The former word was coined by a psychologist on the model of the latter term to refer to conflicted feelings but soon took on a broader meaning; equivalence itself means â€Å"correspondence of characteristics.† Valedictorian and valetudinarian, though both derived from valere, are not to be confused. The former word describes the person who provides the valediction, a farewell speech at an event such as a graduation ceremony. (The first element stems from the Latin word for â€Å"farewell,† which literally means â€Å"be well† or â€Å"be strong.†) Valetudinarian, meanwhile, describes a hypochondriac or a sickly or weak person; the word also functions as an adjective, though valetudinary is also used. Meanwhile, the verb convalesce (the adjectival and noun forms are convalescent and convalescence) is antithetical to both senses of valetudinarian; it means â€Å"become healthier or stronger.† The feminine French name Valerie, and its variously spelled masculine Slavic equivalents, are cognate with valere. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Vocabulary category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:How to Format a UK Business Letter50 Diminutive Suffixes (and a Cute Little Prefix)25 Idioms About Bread and Dessert

Aristotle Biography Essay Example for Free (#2)

Aristotle Biography Essay Aristotle Aristotle was a prominent figure in history that created many philosophies during his time. He is ranked among the greatest philosophers to ever live. He moved around to many different interesting places during much of his lifetime and loved to teach. In my opinion, the most well-known philosophy is his concept of logic. Because Aristotle’s philosophies and concepts of logic and reasoning have affected much of the past, his legacy will endure for many years to come. Aristotle was born in 384 B. C in Stagira, the small city in the Macedonian region of northeastern Greece. At the age of 17, he moved to Athens to attend Plato’s Academy where he remained there for almost 40 years. He journeyed around the world then for a little while continuing his philosophical activities. When in Lesbos, he married his first wife, Pythias, with whom they had a child also named Pythias. In 343, Aristotle was appointed to be the tutor of King Philip of Macedon’s son, Alexander. This thirteen year old boy eager to learn later became known as Alexander the Great. After two years of teaching, Aristotle’s works were no longer needed because Alexander was already serving as a military commander for his father. After teaching, Aristotle returned to Athens where he built his own school that taught botany, biology, logic, music, mathematics, astronomy, medicine, cosmology, physics, the history of philosophy, metaphysics, psychology, ethics, theology, rhetoric, political history, government and political theory, rhetoric, and the arts. While teaching at his school, Aristotle’s wife had died and they say he had married another woman, Heroyllis with whom they had children. In the year 323, Aristotle had retired his works in Athens and moved to Chalcis, where he died the following year of natural causes. Philosophy was in fact very important to Aristotle and he studied it for many years. Among the great achievements, the concept of logic was in my opinion the most important and well known. Aristotle’s objective of â€Å"the first logic† was to come up with a process of reasoning that would allow man to learn every conceivable thing about reality. The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy clarifies this by using the example of As, Bs and Cs. They explain that first, all As are Bs. Secondly, they claim that all Bs are Cs. Therefore, all As are Cs. They also say that anything else taken from this form will be a deduction in Aristotle’s sense. A deduction is â€Å"an argument in which certain things are laid down something else follows of necessity in virtue of their being so†. But it has been proven that some of his concepts of logic are deductions and some are not. The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy used the example of university students and the As, Bs and Cs to explain this. They say that all As are Bs; some Bs are Cs; so, all As are Cs. â€Å"They use the university students example by explaining that all university students are literate; some literate people read poetry; so, all university students read poetry†. This is not true so it clarifies the fact that some of his concepts are deductions while others are not. In his philosophical articles, Aristotle also discussed how man might obtain information about objects through deduction and inference. As you can see, Aristotle’s philosophy provided us with a system of logic that to this day is still used by philosophers. Aristotle’s legacy will live on for years to follow because of everything he had accomplished throughout his lifetime. After his death in 322 B. C, his works and philosophies were forgotten and revived about a century after. His works had influenced over seven centuries of philosophy. As it says on the biography. com website, â€Å"Aristotle’s work influenced ideas from late antiquity all the way through the Renaissance. Aristotle’s influence on Western thought in the humanities and social sciences is largely considered unparalleled, with the exception of his teacher Plato’s contributions, and Plato’s teacher, Socrates before him. The two-millennia-strong academic practice of interpreting and debating Aristotle’s philosophical works continues to endure. † Even today, philosophers still look to Aristotle’s work for guidance and inspiration when creating their own philosophies and simply studying philosophers of the past. As you can see, Aristotle’s legacy is still apart of us and will remain influencing others for many years to come. In conclusion, you can see that Aristotle did affect many lives through his philosophies and teachings. Many have studied his works, and added on from the philosophies and concepts he had developed. His legacy will endure on because of all he did and he will be remembered. I had great time learning about Aristotle and his philosophies for this research project. Works Cited: http://plato. stanford. edu/entries/aristotle/ Shields, Christopher. â€Å"Aristotle. † Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy. Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy, 25 Sept. 2008. http://www. biography. com/people/aristotle-9188415? page=1 â€Å"Aristotle Biography. † Bio. com. A&E Networks Television, n. d http://www. ucmp. berkeley. edu/history/aristotle. html Waggoner, Ben M. â€Å"Aristotle (384-322 B. C. E.). † Aristotle. UCMP, 9 June 1996. Aristotle Biography. (2016, Oct 28).

Issues of risk Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 4000 words

Issues of risk - Essay Example At situations where family situations are not found safe for the wellbeing of children, the system plays a very critical role of removing the children from a situation involving risk. The system identifies cases where there is notable risk of neglect or abuse and appropriate interventions are considered. There are other scenarios where such actions are taken which include the disability or illness of the parents leading to their inability to take care of their children. The continued absence of the parents at home also leads to children being taken into care. Cases of deaths of parents, imprisonment etc. are typical examples to such a scenario. These children are taken into care (TCSW, 2012). The nature of the ‘taking away’ process is also varied according to the requirement. There are cases where parents voluntarily request their children to be taken to care. In some other case they are forcibly taken by law. Most of the cases account to this scenario, For instance, in 2011; around 54% of the reported cases were connected to neglect and abuse (TCSW, 2012). Children who get involved in some criminal activity are sent to care through the youth justice system (TCSW, 2012). Around 73% of the children are taken care of by foster-carers. A minority of 10% are put up in children’s homes; others are brought up in residential schools (TCSW, 2012). In some cases where potential risk is identified the children are left to live with their parents, however, under strict supervisions by social work professionals. The process of taking a child into care involves strict adherence involving a formal system of law. For both England and Wales the Children Act of 1989 defines legal regulations and systems for taking children into care. Under the act, every case of taking into care must be preceded by a court order. Children could also be taken into care if parents give legal consent to

Case study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 32

Case Study Example Printed catalog is the major focus area of IKEA marketing strategy. In fact the company spends most of its marketing budget on this area every year. Catalog entailing 300 to 400 pages is produced in 30 languages in 59 editions. Around 200 million catalog copies were circulated in 2012. In 2013 IKEA catalog incorporated new characteristics of special symbols that could be read by IKEA Android and iPhone apps. When the symbols are scanned, customers are fascinated by the presentation of detailed information about IKEA products. These apps also offer 3D product models and videos explaining ‘how to’ (Copeland and Hartline, 495). Similar real experience applies in the internet as attested by (Copeland and Hartline, 495). Customers are allowed to download programs that guide them in redesigning kitchens, bathroom and bedrooms. Customers can also view products online. Data entailing local events of every store, product and service specials as well as promotions, is also available in the website. This expands customer knowledge of products, services, motivation, events among other concerned business information. However, the drawback with regard to the website is that it does not entirely allow customers to purchase items online. Consumers have to visit the stores to access and purchase products. About 30 percent of the product line is allowed for purchase online. Moreover, in order to reach its target customers, IKEA catalog employs the use of radio, television and communication via the internet. The fact that IKEA lets its consumers to experience shopping experience by themselves, motivates customers towards purchasing items at IKEA stores. The materials that IKEA provides for its customers make it easier to shop. The showrooms in the floor display furniture of the company with several accessories that will make the style noticeable for consumers. This frees the customers from salespersons working on commission, according to Copeland and Hartline, (497). This